Blockchain Data Structure

Since its inception in 2008, blockchain technology has been regarded as a technology for sharing data between untrusted parties. A common form of blockchain is chain blockchain. This blockchain structure is the basis of different blockchain structures and the common feature of other blockchains. Blockchain is composed of interrelated block records. The order of blocks corresponds to the order of time stamps stored internally

Blocks are considered the basic unit of blockchain. Each block stores the hash value of the previous block. These blocks are closely connected in this way. If a block cannot obtain the hash value of the previous block, the block cannot be linked to the blockchain. This structure not only ensures the integrity of data, but also prevents malicious users from modifying blockchain data.

Using blockchain fragmentation, nodes are divided into different shards, and each shard only processes a small part of all data. In this way, transactions are processed equally and in parallel. The partitioned nodes reach an agreement on a set of transactions by running a consensus mechanism. For different application scenarios, information transmission between partitions may occur, so communication protocols between partitions must be designed to handle transactions between partitions.

The physical fragmentation process realizes grouping for real network nodes. For fragmented public chain nodes, their tasks are the same, and they all need to check the block consensus. Now, the tasks to be completed in the blockchain network are assigned to different partitions according to specific rules, so that different partitions can cope with different tasks. For such a partition structure, each partition is equivalent to an independent small blockchain operating system, and the nodes in each small system must continue to rely on consensus to ensure the consistency of internal data.